The aim of the report is to draw attention to some demographic and population problems in Montenegro at the beginning of the third millennium. The paper shows that the demographic transition in Montenegro started a long time ago. The migration of the population from villages to towns changed the spatial population distribution. The birthrate and mortality levels dropped and family planning was introduced, which led to changes in age structure and an increase of the old-age population. The number of seven-year-old children was 30.5% in 1991, while in 2003 it dropped to only 9.08%. The percentage of people aged 60 and older rose from 12.8% in 1991 to 16.7% in 2003. This is why the population of Montenegro is one of the oldest European populations. The increase in population dropped from 20.7% in 1950 to 5.1% in the year 2001. The paper shows that the demographic aging and negative birthrate are negative factors in the Montenegrin population politics. That is why concrete measures for the protection of children and youth and populations younger than 60 are suggested in the paper.
