Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU
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The Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnography SAS (I-VII)/ SASA (VIII/) is a scientific periodical of international significance which publishes papers in ethnology/anthropology. From its inception in 1952, the Bulletin publishes the results of scientific research projects of scientists and associates of the Institute and other affiliated institutions in the country and abroad. In addition, discussions and articles, supplements, field data, retrospectives, chronicles, reviews, translations, notes, bibliographies, obituaries, memories, critiques and similar are published as well. The Bulletin was founded as a means to publish the results of research of settlements and origins of populations, folk life, customs and folk proverbs. However, the concept of the Bulletin, like that of any other contemporary scientific journal, changed over time to accommodate the social, cultural and political processes and research trends in the social sciences and humanities.
The Bulletin (GEI) is referenced in the electronic bases: DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals), Ulrich's Periodicals Directory and SCIndex (Serbian Citation Index). All articles are digitally available in a form typographically true to the original (in .pdf format). The Bulletin is also available in the same form on the website of the Institute of Ethnography SASA.
The Bulletin (GEI SANU) can also be found and read at CEEOL (Central and Eastern European Online Library): http://www.ceeol.com
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- Migration studies
- Ethnological migration studies carried out within the Institute of Ethnography SASA2 have been institutionally positioned and appropriately conducted over the previous six decades, according to political and scientific policies. Subject matters and contents of these studies have been embedded into current policies, state interests, national ideologies and scientific trends, which have largely determined the course, dynamics and (in)dependency in work, thus shaping its utilitarian character. In order to understand the way in which the policy of migration studies has been devised and carried out, it is necessary to shed light on the historical context of constitution and construction of policies/programs at the Institute of Ethnography SASA, which serve as an important research point and a barometer of scientific currency and relevancy, as well as social and political determination. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 177027: Multiethnicity, Multiculturalism, Migration: Contemporary Processes]
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- Migration, integration and marriage practices among the Gorani
- For the most part, the Gorani enter ethnically homogenous marriages. Marrying into the same village is also a common practice. This village endogamy has continuously been present in the Gorani community for a longer period of time. Migration of population from the Gora region has been characteristic for the most of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st. Considering the fact that Gora is an area of intensive and populous emigration and that migrations can influence changes in the current practices of choosing the spouse, the issue of the relation between the Gorani migrations and ethnic homogamy/endogamy seems entirely relevant. This also stands true given that the majority of the informants endorse the practice of homogamous marriages, believing that it contributes to harmonious relations in the marriage and to practicing of the Gorani community’s cultural specificities. In this paper I am presenting and interpreting the practices of choosing marital partners among the Gorani living in Belgrade and Tutin from the second half of the 20th until the beginning of the 21st century. Based on the analysis of the empirical data and relevant literature I argue that migrations have not significantly influenced the practice of the selection of the spouse, as well as that ethnically homogamous marriages are not slowing down the process of integration. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 177027: Multietnicitet, multikulturalnost, migracije - savremeni procesi]
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- Migrations from the Gora region at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century
- In this paper I will analyze economic and political migration in the Gora region at the end of the 20th and in the first decade of the 21st century. It is my intent to consider and explain their cause and their intensity and scope. In short, I view the socioeconomic and political dimension of these migrations from an ethnological and anthropological point of view. The economic and political migrations from the Gora region at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century represent the continuation of earlier migrations, albeit more intensive and larger in scope (whole families are migrating). There migrations can be viewed as the effects of political changes in Kosovo, as well as the socioeconomic crisis of the 1990’s. There are no fixed boundaries between these types of migrations, and the only truly stand out examples are the cases in which people migrated for safety reasons. A certain type of migration can be identified based on the terminology used by the interlocutors. I have encountered the terms “banishment” and “displacement” in the narrative discourse of my interlocutors. These terms are used to describe the migrations from Gora during the 1999 war, as well as immediately after. The differences between economic and political migrants can be gouged from other factors such as going to Gora during vacations and holidays as well as investing money into real-estate in the region. Individuals who emigrated from Gora because they feared for their and the loves of their families go to Gora rarely (to attend funerals for example) and are not currently thinking of investing unlike those who had left Gora as economic migrants. There are no differences when it comes to where people migrate to for different reasons. Places of migration can, however, be indicative of the form of migration in the sense of whether people migrated to a foreign country or not. One can turn into the other due to the changing of state borders. Thus migrations from Gora to cities and towns in Serbia became international after Kosovo declared independence. In this context, migrations from Gora to Serbia can be defined twofold, both at the level of the individual and at the level of the community. This leads to the conclusion that, in the case of migrations which are the focus of this paper, one needs to be careful not only of their typology, but also their conceptualization as well as the positions from which a certain migration is conceptualized. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 177027: Multietnicitet, multikulturalnost, migracije - savremeni procesi]
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- Migrations in Serbia during the 18th century and patriarchal society institutions
- Ever since the Turks penetrated the Balkans from Asia Minor, migrations and ethnic composition changes occurred very frequently in Serbia and the Balkan Peninsula in general. These migrations and ethnic composition changes especially characterized the 18th century period, when initial conditions were set for subsequent liberation wars against the Turks in the 19th century. The reasons bringing about these mass migrations could be divided into three groups: 1, a military-political reason, 2, an economic-geographical reason, and 3, an hygienic-health reason. All of them operated simultaneously, causing mass migrations and changes in the demography of Serbia and the Balkans in general. Because of these migrations, a new population group of Serbs was created in the jurisdiction of pasha in Belgrade, that created in turn, a few very important establishments based on patriarchal culture and civilization. These are the new bodies: family co-operative associations (family committee, master of the house, lady of the house, members of the co-operative associations) village and village headman self-management (village assembly, village headman, villein, headman assembly, principality headman). All of these establishments have the same origin and functioned in a very similar manner based on ancient common law rules. The similarities between these bodies could be recognized in a twofold way, based on a correlation with 1, family committee - village assembly - headman assembly, and 2, master of the house - villein - principality headman. There are no real differences among them. The difference is visible only in their personal and territorial range.
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- Migrations of highlands inhabitants of southeast Serbia to Zaječar and its surroundings
- Higlands-to-lowlands migrations are typical of the Balkan peninsula. This type of migration lasted for the last two centuries and in the beginning it was seasonal, comprising mainly workforce, but in later stages it became permanent. However, despite its intensity, social significance and its consequences, it hasn't been observed closely in scientific literature. A permanent migration of this type hasn't even been identified as a distinguished and important social occurrence or as a scientific problem. The reason for this is its coinciding with migrations from the country to cities. This paper analyzes an evident example of permanent higlands-to-lowlands migrations: migrations of highlands inhabitants of southeast Serbia to Zaječar and its surrounding villages, which began after the First World War and intensified significantly from the 50's to the 80's of the 20th century during the socialist industrialization. Main aspects of this type of migration are listed at the end of the paper. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 179013: Održivost identiteta Srba i nacionalnih manjina u pograničnim opštinama istočne i jugoistočne Srbije]
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- Mile Nedeljković as a social, cultural and ethnic issues researcher
- Mile Nedeljković published about a hundred titles in ethnology, literature, folklore studies and journalism, focusing especially on Šumadija, the traditional culture of the Serbian and other South-Slavic peoples, as well as peoples and their cultures worldwide. This contribution makes an attempt to look at his major ethnological works, which address social, cultural and ethnic issues. As it turns out, they deal with some of the most intricate, most sensitive and most important issues of national history and culture, such as Kosovo and Metohija as the cradle of Serbian spirituality, Islamization in the South-Slavic areas, Šumadija as the pivot of Serbia’s restored statehood, or the gloomy destiny of the Serbs the Frontiersmen and their expulsion from Croatia in the 1990s. As it also turns out, their author has a fundamental and diverse work, the ability to make sweeping syntheses and significant scholarly discoveries, the culture of chronicle keeping, and the simplicity and beauty of narrative expression, and, as such, he belongs to the very top of contemporary Serbian ethnology.
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- Mirjana Roter-Blagojević, Stambena arhitektura Beograda u 19. i početkom 20. veka (Dwelling Architecture in Belgrade in 19 and beginning of 20th century)
- Сажетак Мирјана Ротер-Благојевић, Стамбена архитектура Београда у 19. и почетком 20. векаАрхитектонски факултет Универзитета у Београду, Орион арт, Београд 2006, 522 стр. Београд, један од најстаријих градова у Европи, метропола некадашње Југославије, a пре тога и данас – Србије, познат је по честим разарањима, али и значајним обновама, захваљујући којима је мењао свој садржај, структуру и физиономију.
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- Mixed marriages
- Until the II World War, the population of the Boka Kotorska Bay was a mixture of Orthodox and Catholic confessions: approximately two thirds of the population was Orthodox, while one third belonged to the Catholics. In spite of the religious affiliation, mixed marriages were relatively often between these two groups. Based on a research in archives, this paper deals with such mixed marriages, formed mostly in 18th and 19th century, in the area of Herceg Novi. The second half of 19th century witnessed 639 of marriages, or 12,78 marriages per year, out of which 72 were mixed or 8,87%. In this particular period, 64 Catholic males married Orthodox females, while only 8 Orthodox males married Catholic females. The Church influence on the society was significant, including issues related to marriage, which sometimes created troubles for mixed marriages; however, positive civil and church regulations supported mixed marriages. Marriages between people of a different religious confession thus created wider kinship affiliations, which in turn enhanced religious tolerance, intertwining of different cultures and customs, and acceptance of different political and social views. The tolerance therefore affected political and social turmoil especially in troubled times, which made many issues easier: troubled issues were solved more rationally, and there were not so many persecutions based on someone’s religious affiliation. We need a wider perspective and a broader research on the Boka Kotorska Bay in order to understand how marriages and kinship ties affected a way of life and intertwining of cultural models of the East and West.
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- Mobile Balkans
- The objective of the article is to scrutunize the Balkan migration phenomenon, highlightening the alloy between continuity and discontinuity in the explanation of migrations; the former expressed in the trends, the latter - in breakthroughs, ruptures, changes. Four periods are articulated and characterized through the major trends. The typology of Balkan migrations identifies ten types, classified in three larger categories. The article distinguishes and compares the national migration models and draws a panoramic picture of the major trends during the last quarter of a century.
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- Monographs published by the Serbian Orthodox Church from 1990 to 1995 themes and messages
- The paper presents an analysis of publishing of monographic publications under the auspices of the Serbian Orthodox Church in the defined period from 1990 to 1995. The focus of research was to establish was there a general publishing strategy, what intentions and needs guided publishers, and whether accusations that Serbian Orthodox Church had an active role in producing national resentment could be confirmed. Research showed that while there was no publishing strategy on the level of the church as a whole, publishers were guided by the needs of “inner mission” among Orthodox believers - their publications were predominantly on liturgical, ascetical, theological, philosophical and art themes. Only a small fraction of publications seem to correspond to alleged activities of Serbian Church. Neither subjects nor editions of these publications, nor their portion in overall publishing of the Church indicate intention to create resentment.
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- Moral (dis)order and social anomie
- It is sometimes argued that post-socialist transformation in Europe brought so called “moral disintegration” of local communities. These ideas resonate well with the opinions of many people with whom I worked in Serbia during my fieldwork research in Novi Sad in the mid- 2000s and again in 2013-2014. My informants tend to evoke the Durkheimian idea that society was brought into existence by people’s moral beliefs and sense of obligation towards one another; if this became eroded, society begins to suffer from anomie. In this paper I investigate those widely shared beliefs and the ways they relate to and reveal the ideas about morality, community and society. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 177026: Cultural Heritage and Identity]
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- Multidimensional identity among the youth Bulgarians in diaspora
- The aim of the paper is to present the results of research conducted in 2013, on the migration strategies among young Bulgarians from the historical Bulgarian diaspora in South Ukraine. The research is the result of a combined methodology - a survey among university students of Bulgarian origin in the city of Odessa and school graduates from high-schools with a Bulgarian Language education (city of Bolgrad and the village of Chiyshia), as well as individual interviews. The main results show a balanced ratio of those willing to temporarily migrate to the “Historic Motherland” (Bulgaria) for education and work purposes, and those who do not declare any willingness for migration as such. The formation process of a certain malleable identities among the young representatives of the Bulgarian community in the Southwestern Ukraine is clearly evident from the represented results.