Zbornik radova Instituta za savremenu istoriju
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Tokom svoje istorije, ISI je ostvario bogatu izdavačku delatnost objavljujući monografije, tematske zbornike, zbornike građe, periodične publikacije, hronologije i bibliografije. Publikacije izlaze u pet biblioteka: (1) Studije i monografije, (2) Posebna izdanja, (3) Skrivana istorija, (4) Zbornici radova, (5) Dokumenta.
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- STRADALI PRIPADNICI VOJSKE KRALJEVINE JUGOSLAVIJE
- Summary/Abstract: Heretofore, historiography collected few data about casualties of the Army of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. This paper has been written on the basis of the results of the War Casualties Census 1941–1945, organized in 1964.The analysis of that census shows that Royal Yugoslav Army has lost 10.386 members. That is 1,74% of all registered casualties on Yugoslav territory. Out of all its casualties Royal Army 46,44% (4.823)lost lives in military operations during April 1941,while the 53,56% (5563) lost lives as the prisoners of war. The most of these victims came from the central Serbia:44,01% (4571)of all, although there lived only 25,60% of Yugoslav inhabitants. As for the national structure, 72,28% (7507)these victims were Serbs, while the percentage of Serbs in population was 41,14%. The Serbs made 66,10% of casualties in the April war, and 77,62% of killed POW. he analysis of the way of dying shows that during April war 91,31% died in action, while 4,91% were executed. Among prisoners, 52,51% died,while 26,64% were executed. It was estimated that this census encompassed around56 to 59% of total casualties. According to this estimation, the total number of Royal Army casualties was somewhere between 8157 and 8.613 in the April war and between 9.429 and 9.934 in prisoner’s camps, totally between 17.604 and 18.547.
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- Saradnja Jugoslavije i Poljske u oblasti nuklearne energije krajem 50-ih godina
- Summary/Abstract: Cooperation between Yugoslavia and Poland in domain of nuclear energy maintained within normalization of bilateral relations in the middle of 50s, after being stopped because of Yugoslav conflict with Inform biro in 1948. Cooperation possibility in domain of peaceful implementation of nuclear energy was mentioned for the first time within diplomatic circles in the middle of 1955, but first concrete steps were made at the end of 1956. Key event for development of cooperation between Yugoslavia and Poland was signing of the Agreement of cooperation in domain of peaceful implementation of nuclear energy during April 1957 in Warsaw. From that moment, the cooperation maintained on the basis of annual plans and protocols which were confirmed by delegates through negotiations. It was improved through experts, scientists and delegations visits from both sides, organization of seminars and conferences, literature exchange, so information, materials, instruments and technical documentation, but also through exchange of scientists and experts which specialized and improved their knowledge in domain of various implementations of nuclear energy and direct contact establishment between scientific institutes and economic organizations. The cooperation included different areas of research: mining and geology researches and technology of nuclear raw materials; basic researches within physics and chemistry; creation and exploration of reactors; manufacture and implementation of radioactive isotopes in biology, medicine, agriculture and technical sciences; protection of radiation etc. At the beginning the cooperation was widely implemented in all areas of nuclear science, but after reduced and concentrated on areas and problems which satisfied needs of both sides, so made available comparison of results and common research. Reduced exchange of information was conditioned by development of cooperation between both countries with USSR and western countries.
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- Saradnja gradova pobratima Poljske i bivše Jugoslavije. Programske pretpostavke i stvarnost
- Summary/Abstract: The idea of the cities’ international cooperation was initiated after 2nd World War in order to build long-lasting bonds between dwellers of any feuding countries. With the course of time a number of cooperating municipalities grew significantly, hence the expectations towards the primary form of interaction altered either. Foreign cooperation became key element of local politics positively stimulating development within the field of culture, science, sport or economy. Town twinning movement played its crucial role in Europe and contributed to EU integration in large extent. Despite political differences and geographical distance, the idea of town twinning flourished between cities of Poland and former Yugoslavia as well. Primary contacts were initiated in 1970s: Bydgoszcz & Kragujevac (1971), Plock & Loznica (1972), Boleslawiec & Prnjavor (1974), Cracow & Zagreb (1975) or Bielsko-Biala & Kragujevac (1977). Social and political changes in Poland and corresponding disintegration of Yugoslavia halted mutual cooperation for many years. Nevertheless, today the aforementioned relationship is being built anew, in some cases even continued. A significant growth in number of twinned cities (currently over 30) does not always reflect the quality of this partnership. The paper investigates the origin of urban networks of Poland and countries of former Yugoslavia within the framework of sister-town movement putting in the limelight basic areas of cooperation, its forms and significance.
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- Secret Collaboration Between The IMRO And The Ottoman Special Force On The Eve Of First World War
- Summary/Abstract: In this paper, the author examined the secret agreement between IMRO and the Turkish military intelligence in the eve of the First World War. The cooperation began at the beginning of 1914, and gradually gained momentum. It reached its peak at the Valandovo incident that took place on 2–3 April, 1915. Albeit insignificant politically, the collaboration made a contribution to the future military alliance of Bulgaria and Turkey.
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- Sećanja Ludvika Hiršfelda na Veliki rat
- Summary/Abstract: The great Polish scientist, doctor and humanist, Ludwik Hirszfeld, visited Serbia on multiple occasions. He was born in Warsaw in 1884, graduated in Lodz, began his medical studies in Wurzburg and finished them in Berlin. He worked in Heidelberg and Zurich, where he was elected docent at the Hygiene Institute. After the beginning of the First World War and the outbreak of typhus in Serbia, Switzerland kept on receiving alarming news. Ludwik, along with his wife Hana, decided to go to Serbia in 1915, where he worked tirelessly on preventing further disease spread at the Valjevo Hospital, the center of the epidemic. His kindest notes from that time were the descriptions of Serbian men and women, his colleagues, doctors and nurses. This is when Serbian people gained his sympathies and his eternal gratitude. After the occupation of Serbia, the Hirszfeld couple continued their work at the Thessaloniki front where, as a part of the Crown Prince Hospital, they formed a Bacteriology laboratory. The immunology, bacteriology and parasitology research that he conducted there led him to several important scientific discoveries. The most important was the research on blood types, which led to the first successful blood transfusion at the Thessaloniki front. After the liberation of Serbia, Ludwik Hirszfeld remained in Belgrade until 1919, where he worked on forming a Bacteriology laboratory at the Main Military Hospital. Upon his return to Warsaw, he worked on opening a Serological Institute and taught at the Medical University. To show gratitude for everything that he had done for the Serbian people, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia awarded him with numerous honors and medals. When Germany attacked and occupied Poland, the Yugoslovenian ambassador in Berlin, Ivo Andrić, attempted to get Hirszfeld and his family out of the Warsaw ghetto where they had been captured. After the war, Ludwik became dean of the newly founded Medical University in Wroclaw, where he passed away in 1954.
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- Sistem logora prinudnog rada i NKVD u pribaltičkim zemljama, Srednjoistočnoj Evropi i na Balkanu posle II svetskog rata
- Summary/Abstract: The article presents a chronological history of the creation and functioning of labor camps in the countries of Central, Eastern, and South Europe. The author describes the most important camps and gives statistic data of individual countries. In Poland, in 1950-1958, there were at least 350 thousand people in labor camps and in Prisonersž Labour Centres (operated in 1945-1956). In Czech Republic and Slovakia in the analyzed period there were more than 470 labor camps. In the area of Eastern Germany, the first Soviet camps were founded in Buchenwald and Sachsenhausen. In 1945 – 1950, 10 such centers were established with 154 thousand of Germans and about 35 thousand of foreigners. In Romania, in 1945 – 1989, there were 230 labor camps. The bestknown labor camps were located in Sighet and Galati. In Hungary, there were filtration, resettlement and prisoners of war camps (mainly for Germans). Labor camps were established there only in 1950 and their slow eradication began in 1953. The most famous camp was located in Resck. In Bulgaria, the first camp was established in January 1945 (Sveti Wracz), then in Dupnica, Bobow Doł, Bogdanow Doł and in Kucjan near Pernik. Bulgarian prisoners also worked in the uranium mines in Bukowo. The camps were designed for the pre-war policemen, Russian "white" immigrants and collaborators. Later, the most repressive camp was on the island of Persin on the Danube, near the town of Belene (till 1953; 1900 prisoners). In 1956, after the events in Hungary, Bulgaria's communist government reactivated the camp on the island of Persin and in Lovech. In 1944 – 1962, there were more than 23,5 thousand of people (14,6 thousand of political prisoners) in Bulgarian camps. In Yugoslavia, the first camp, Mała Zica, was established in 1949 on the island of Goli Otok ("The Naked Island"), then on the islands of Ugljan and Rab. The first transport of prisoners counted about 1300 people. In 1949 – 1953, there were about 31-32 thousands people (including women).
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- Srpski gerilski odredi na prostoru stare Srbije 1911–1912
- Summary/Abstract: After 1903 a number of guerrilla groups were established in the territory of Old Serbia. These activities, which are conditionally called the Chetnik action, flourished until 1908. The Young-Turk revolution, frequent Albanian uprisings and increasingly intensive repression over the Serbian population in these territories paralyzed guerrilla actions. The creation of the Balkan union, accelerated preparations for war and the situation in the field influenced the new approach to organizing and acting of guerrilla groups, which based on a wide institutionalized foundation. Various parts of official military and civil structures were included in these activities. Since 1911, a new approach to guerrilla problems was applied. A special center for the training of guerrilla fighters was established in the town of Prokuplje. The training was conducted by Serbian officers who were on leave or who were resigning. In the vicinity of the border with Turkey special intelligence centers were established, which were run by the officers experienced for such work. A newly formed secret organization Union or Death, which gathered mostly officers but also industrialists, bankers and journalists, gradually united its work with the National Defense directing it towards assistance to guerrilla groups. Just before the beginning of the war, the Serbian general staff sent several groups of general staff officers to get acquainted with the circumstances in the field, get connected with guerrilla groups and introduce their commanding officers to the details of the Serbian war plan, but also to establish contacts with the leaders of the Albanian guerrilla groups and try to win them over to participate in war on Serbian side. Several big guerrilla companies were formed with the task to act from the flanks of the Serbian troops and to fight as their advance party. These squads were parts of the Third Army. Along the directions of action of the First Army units there were two squads operating, which were active before the war already, and their participation in military actions during the war was prominent. Gradually, the guerrilla squads were loosing their traditional characteristics, merging with the regular units of the Serbian army. They reactivated at the beginning of the World War I under new circumstances.
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- The Balkans On The Eve Of The First World War, Or The Balkan Knot And The First World War. Remembering The Assassination Of The Archduke Franz Ferdina
- Summary/Abstract: In this work I will analyze the perceptions and interpretations of the Assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand on the pages of “La Stampa” of Turin from 1914–1999. The goal of this paper is to answer to the question: how did this Italian and Piedmontese newspaper interpreted along the years the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand? First of all I will spend a few words about “La Stampa” of Turin, then I will summarize some aspects of the public use of History. The main part of the work is devoted to an overview of some articles of the Italian newspaper, among the most relevants. Finally I will point out some final considerations.
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- Vojni odgovor Kraljevine SHS na komitske, kačačke i druge gerilske akcije na prostoru Južne i Stare Srbije 1919-1920
- Summary/Abstract: In the first years following the World War I, the territories that Serbia annexed after the Balkan wars, Macedonia, some parts of Sandzak, Kosovo and Metohija still required special attention of now already Yugoslav authorities. Although the Serbian government made preparations to restore their presence even before the breakthrough of the Thessaloniki front, the events that followed made all measures insufficient and late. The presence of allied troops, revengeful and plundering attacks of the Vasojevic clan on the local Moslems, the uprisings in Plav and Gusinje, Kachak actions and plundering raids from Ljuma and Donji Debar, new infiltration of Bulgarian Komitadji fighters, whose aim was to restore the field organizations of VMRO, the fights along the Albanian border front – set many challenges, primarily for the army. Its main representative in south and Old Serbia, the Third Army District Command, faced many difficulties that obstructed normal work of commands and units in the peace time, not to mention under such extraordinary circumstances. The efficiency of the military response often did not correspond to the number of engaged troops, particularly in disarmament actions, but the use of modern means, automatic weapons, cars and communications compensated for other shortages at moments, despite their apparent lacking. In addition to all this, it should not disregard the differences in the approaches and observations of the situation by civil authorities, but also the increased insecurity of property and people, since in these years „the freedom fighters“ were not afraid to cross a thin line dividing the revolutionaries and rebels from robbers and smugglers.