The aim of the study was to define the shape of maxillary and mandibular arch, palatine torus and incisive papillae. We analysed the total number of 500 study models (250 male and 250 female subjects). Three different shapes of dental arches may be found in a modern man: ellipsoid, parabolic and the shape of the Latin letter U. The results showed that the parabolic arch shape was most frequent in the study sample (90%), therefore the percentage frequency of the ellipsoid and U shape was quite low. The results indicated the absence of the palatine torus in one half of the subjects (51%), therefore the third of our subjects had a torus forming either a small cylinder along the midline of the hard palate or a high cylinder along the whole palate. Incisive papillae can appear in seven different shapes. The cylindrical shape of incisive papillae is most frequent in our study (33,8%), the wide oval shape is less frequent (27,4 %), therefore all the other shapes are present only in the minority of our subjects. Incisive papillae were middle expressed in almost one half of our examinees (49,2%), the average length was 6,82 mm and the average width was 3,05 mm. .
