Kultura
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The Kultura Journal is an international scientific journal for the theory and sociology of culture and cultural policy, which follows culture in the widest sense of the word where science, education and all human activities are taken as its integral part.
It was started in 1968 courtesy to the efforts of Stevan Majstorović, founder of the Centre for Studies in Cultural Development, with the objective to encourage integrative, analytical and critical interpretations of the modern cultural phenomena.
At the time of its establishment, the Kultura Journal was unique in the domain of intellectual thought both in terms of its concept and its design. Since the first issue, i.e. over the fifty years of its existence, Kultura has been and has remained open to creative ideas from the country and the world, as seen from the texts of important foreign authors and contributions from professionals coming from the cultural centres of former Yugoslavia, as well as domestic authors who offered new ideas and approaches to culture. The recognizable design solution of the logo of the journal and its cover page were created by the artist and calligraphist Božidar Bole Miloradović, for the very first number.
As of 1971, the issues were edited thematically, which has been dominant practice to this date, with the aim of enriching certain thematic fields in our cultural and scientific community.
The first Editorial Board of the Kultura Journal consisted of eleven members, led by the Editor-in Chief Stevan Majstorović and Trivo Inđić, as conceptual instigators of the journal which heralded a new orientation in the intellectual field. Members of the Editorial Board were: Slobodan Canić, Dragutin Gostuški, Vujadin Jokić, Danica Mojsin, Mirjana Nikolić, Nebojša Popov, Bogdan Tirnanić, Milan Vojnović and Tihomir Vučković. Over the five decades of the Kultura Journal, editorial boards changed several times.
Kultura is issued every three months (four times a year) and its printing has been financed by the Ministry of Culture and Information of the Republic of Serbia since 2001. With support of the competent ministry, all numbers of this journal, from the first to the last issue, were digitalized in 2009. As a result, a DVD containing digital form of the journal, was available with the issue No. 129, titled "Electronic libraries". A few years later, in 2013, Kultura switched to the Cyrillic script, with an important note that it still published in Latin script those authors from the region who originally use Latin script(Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia). With the issue No. 140, on the occasion of marking the 45th anniversary of the Kultura Journal, a special USB was made available, with all the texts from the numbers 1-137. The web page of the Centre for Studies in Cultural Development contains all the texts ever published in any issue of the Kultura Journal over half a century of its existence.
The Department for Registration of Journals of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia, the Kultura Journal was registered in 2005 (when categorisation of scientific journals started) marked as category P53. In 2010,it was registered as category M52 in the group of journals for history, art,history, ethnology and archaeology. At the beginning of July 2012, the journal advanced to the category of national interest, by Decision of the Ministry of education, science and technological development of the Republic of Serbia (M51).
Kultura is regularly deposited with the Repository of the National Library of Serbia, and since 2010, it has been included in the Serbian Quotation Index, where the texts published in Kultura can be found in full digital form. As of 2011, the texts i.e. scientific articles, apart from the regular UDK (universal decimal classification) also carry specific DOI (Digital Object Identifier) codes, that allow for their greater visibility and international indexing under international standards. In the meantime,electronic version of the journal was started i.e. the first steps were made towards electronic edition by CEON (Service for monitoring, measuring and valorisation of scientific journals) through Aseestant electronic editing programme. This has contributed to the quality of published articles, as the editorial board now have at their disposal adequate programmes for text checking in terms of correct citation sand listings of references as well as prevention of plagiarism.
Kultura is regularly delivered to the National Library of Serbia in Belgrade, Belgrade City Library,University Library "Svetozar Marković" in Belgrade, Library of Matica Srpska in Novi Sad, Library of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Belgrade, Library of the Rectorate of the University of Arts in Belgrade, University Library in Niš and University Library in Kragujevac. The Kultura Journalis regularly received by numerous interested institutions of culture (libraries, theatres, museums, culture centres) as well as individuals. The Journal nurtures professional exchanges with many similar institutions and magazines in the country, region and in Europe (Montenegro, Croatia, Slovenia,Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, Switzerland and other countries).
In addition to respecting scientific rules and standards for publishing scientific papers, Kultura has not lost the curiosity or the freshness of an avant-garde magazine dealing with both eternal and very actual topics.
Pages
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- Critical thinking in the digital era
- This paper starts from a premise that critical thinking is a threat to the owners of capital in the media, but that a critical view of the world is also an essential need of journalists and wide public. That is why there are so many changes in the work of modern journalists. The paper, through empirical insight, points out the inevitable pitfalls that stand in the way of the development of critical thinking among journalists employed in new media. The main goal of the paper is to investigate survival of the role of critical thinking in the digital environment media, which keep developing faster and faster in the (never clearly stated) conditions where critical thinking remains foreign to most Internet users. Possible strategies of resistance against exclusively market-oriented media are also pointed out at the end of the paper.
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- Critical thinking on Serbian digital portals
- The paper explores critical thinking in columns as a genre of analytical journalism, taking on the peculiarities of digital media such as hypertextuality, multimedia and interactivity. Through an analysis of over eighty columns from various portals, the topics of columns in online journalism will be considered, deriving which journalists write analytically today and whether they write critically. The research sample has enabled analysis of 85 columns published in the period from July 1 to July 31, 2020 on the N1, Nova.rs and Pečat portals. Out of the total of 85 published columns in the given period, 13 columns were published on the N1 television portal, 19 on the Pečat portal and 53 on the Nova.rs portal. The main goal of the research was to determine whether and to what extent critical thinking was present on these online portals.
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- Critical thought of the mankind
- Kultura
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- Criticism and scope of global language system theory
- In this paper we have attempted to present the global language system theory of Abram de Swaan. We have offered a critical analysis of the application of rational choice theory to the problem of relationship between different natural languages. The use of rational choice theory and de Swaan's instrument of the communication value have placed limits on the scope to which his contribution can produce a more complex explanation of the second language learning. De Swaan eclectic (parallel) approach in the considered study does not resolve the problem of a narrow theoretical framework of the global language system (communication value). However, we have offered some possible direction for improvement and better understanding of the global language system within the same theoretical frame.
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- Croatian journalism of transition
- The journalistic profession may find itself faced with a new challenge at the beginning of the digital age. During the last two decades, since the establishment of the Republic of Croatia and the beginning of the process of transition, journalism has significantly affected the sociopolitical context, but has also itself been formed by the political and social circumstances. The elements that primarily effect the process of the transition of profession are media policy, market conditions, the legislative model of public service, self-regulation, safety of journalists, education of journalists, civil society and the availability of new technologies. This paper, in the context of those parameters, views Croatian transition journalism through four chronological phases of development: journalism of the authoritarian presidential state and non-consolidated democracy, journalism under the optimism of the rise of civil society, journalism of market dictatorship and the corporative media industry and journalism of digital culture. Each phase meant progress in the development of democratic standards and freedom of profession, while the new age comes with some serious demands for the profession. Although on-line journalism is an expression of modern technology and the new age, the future and quality of the profession still depend on the respect and application of the fundamental values of the profession.
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- Cultural European integrations with a view of the cultural heritage preservation cooperation between Serbia and EU
- People from different EU member states may have different ideas on their cultural identity, affiliations and citizenship, but they all face the same question: How can different cultural identities co-exist on the basis of mutual respect and an active desire to live as one community - the very values that underlie the European ideal of peace and security. Culture has always been a fundamental part of the process of European integrations. Since 1992, the Treaty establishing the European Community has provided a legal basis specifically for activities concerning the preservation and enhancement of cultural heritage. In line with the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions, ratified by all the Member States and by the EU, the new agenda for culture reinforces the cultural dimension as a vital element of EU external relations. This priority, inter alia, is accompanied by a number of measures: to pursue the political dialogue in the field of culture and promote cultural exchanges between the EU and third countries as well as to build on external relations to set up financial and technical support.
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- Cultural Policy of National Museums in Serbia
- The article presents the most important findings of the research project Cultural Policy of National Museums in Serbia. The paper actually discusses instruments of cultural policy of museum institutions either funded by the republican Ministry of Culture, or founded by the Republic of Serbia. The initial idea of the project was to define opportunities and needs for transformation of the museum institutions in Serbia, and to suggest adequate development strategies and activities of the institutions responsible for cultural heritage in the country.
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- Cultural activities of Serbia in Europe and world
- The introductory text comments on the relevance of cultural values and cultural relations in the context of the changed global environment and actors in the international arena. Particularly noteworthy is the importance of content quality and effective narratives in cultural relations. The text continues to emphasize the socio-political aspects that have shaped the cultural development of Serbia at the beginning of the 21st century. The review of basic research results of 'Serbian Cultural activities in Europe and worldwide from 2000 to 2010' form a major part of the text and present a contribution to the wider analysis of international cultural relations of Serbia. The research questions are related to the content of the cultural activities of Serbia, then the ideas, values and narratives, and finally to the principles and priorities of cultural policy in the context of international cultural relations.
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- Cultural and creative industries in Europe
- As a result of transition from capitalist to post-capitalist societies and from economy of goods to service economy, the development of cultural and creative industries is becoming the focus of a growing number of countries. As there is no internationally accepted definition of the sector or tools for its analysis, understanding of the sector and instruments of cultural policies used for its development vary significantly from country to country. Through comparative analysis of the cultural policies of Great Britain, Spain, Serbia and Croatia this paper aims at giving an insight into the different stages of development and support measures related to cultural and creative industries and offers recommendations for further development of this sector in each country. Comparative analysis is based on statistical reports, laws, policies and strategic plans of these countries, and organized in eleven topics that are emerging as key issues for cultural and creative industries: the definition of sector and state policies and objectives related to it; mapping and data analysis; regionalization; inter-sectorial cooperation; education and training; diversity and tolerance; ICT; tax policy; copyright and intellectual property rights; support to small and medium enterprises; and internationalization. Great Britain is an example of a state that seriously analyzes the sector, strategically plans its development and cultural policy measures that encourage it. Spain is a country that has recently redefined cultural and creative industries as a national priority and has largely drawn regulations, measures and models from the experience of the UK. Serbia and Croatia are examples of countries that have not yet recognized the potential of cultural and creative industries and continue to have very traditional measures and regulations related to culture and its development, which causes the underdevelopment of the creative sector.
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- Cultural and historical contents as an element of tourist offer in outer Belgrade municipalities
- Material and non-material cultural heritage is recognized by various tourist destinations worldwide, also partly by Serbia, as some of the most important elements of any tourist offer. Cultural contents provide to a tourist destination certain uniqueness, differentiation and authenticity that helps with increasing and harsher competition. The area of outer Belgrade municipalities is characterized by various, valuable and versatile cultural resources. The following should be singled out: Belo brdo archeological site (more famous as Vinča), Serbian churches and monasteries from different epochs (Kosmaj, Surčin, Obrenovac ), logcabin churches (Lazarevac), etno site in Vranić which dates back to the XVIII century (Barajevo municipality), examples of industrial heritage and technical culture (Surčin, Lazarevac, Obrenovac), old city areas as spatial wholes (Grocka, Barajevo, Obrenovac), well-preserved old city and country houses (in all the municipalities) and museums (Surčin, Lazarevac). The polls carried out in May 2013 confirmed that tourists recognize and positively value cultural and historical contexts in the mentioned area. Despite that, majority of resources are not validated in a tourist sense and are not adequately promoted in line with modern tourist trends.
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- Cultural animation and cultural institutions
- The cultural tradition of Belgrade, created over several millennia of rises and falls, is one of the major city resources. However, culture did not get its deserved place in the strategic plans of Serbia, nor of Belgrade. This fact must be changed as soon as possible through a series of synchronized and meaningful actions, including a revival of the idea of cultural animation, not only as a subject of research projects but as a real activity of all relevant public and cultural institutions. Initial activities should cover evaluation of the real state of culture in Belgrade, preparing a list of cultural institutions of all levels and orientations, and also through a wider survey of cultural needs and habits of the population of Belgrade. Such researches should be a basis for defining a list of appropriate actions to articulate and stream the interests of Belgrade population towards true culture, but also free of elitism. Bringing culture to the population through educational and inspirational programs for youth and organizing specific programs in rural and suburban areas should be the key element of the newly established animation programs. In addition to this, already well- established cultural institutions need to join or support the activities of cultural entertainment that would be coordinated at the level of city government.