Istraživanja – Journal of Historical Researches
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Istraživanja – Journal of Historical Researches is dedicated to publishing the best academic ideas regarding all aspects of socio-political processes and events primarily in the region of Central and South East Europe, as well as the Eastern Mediterranean. However, the geographical focus is not strict since the studies of all phenomena and processes which occur elsewhere but are relevant for mentioned geographical area are welcomed. Since the University of Novi Sad is located in the part of the world where different civilizations, cultures, religions and peoples have met and intertwined for millennia, Istraživanja especially emphasizes the critical research of the impact and significance of these mutual interactions and entanglements. The Journal greatly values an interdisciplinary approach, which is why it publishes not only the papers that study “typical” political history, but also works which critically analyze social and cultural life in the past (material culture, political thought, literature, religion, etc.) and come from the fields of archaeology, anthropology, ethnology, art history and classical studies. However, Istraživanja - Journal of Historical Researches does not publish "rough" unanalyzed materials, field, questionnaires and interviews reports, pure linguistic analyses or any kind of contributions limited to bare reproduction of data and uncritical synthesis of previous scholarship.
ISSN: 0350-2112
eISSN: 2406-1131
UDC: 94(082)
COBISS.SR-ID: 17763584
doi: 10.19090/i
Published by: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Philosophy, Journal website
Pages
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- ПОСЛАНИЦИ БУЊЕВАЧКО-ШОКАЧКЕ И ЗЕМЉОДИЛСКЕ СТРАНКЕ У РАДУ УСТАВОТВОРНЕ СКУПШТИНЕ 1920−1921. ГОДИНЕ
- Shortly after creation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, Bunjevci got engaged in the political life. The intention of the most Bunjevac intelligence was to preserve the unity in the political performance, in the same way as it existed in the cultural and artistic creation. However, under the influence of national and political centers of power, primarily from Serbia and Croatia, it was hardly sustainable. Bunjevci first established Bunjevci-Šokci party, which ran the pre-election campaign with its recognizable program of the Autonomous Program of Vojovodina, inaccurate contents and open interpretations, winning few seats in the Constituent Assembly. Supporting the inertia of the parliamentary session, representatives of the party joined the established Yugoslav club in the parliament, lead by the Slovenian People's Party. In this way, they supported the multinational and federal concept of proposals for the constitutional system of the country. On the other hand, a number of Bunjevci supported the establishment of the Agricultural party and participation of its general representative in the Assembly. The party eventually joined the National Radical Party, demanding a preservation of the national Unitarianism and the centralized concept of the government system. Stratification of political attitudes among Bunjevci was visible in the next period of the inter-war political history of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
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- ПОТВРДНА ДИПЛОМА ПАТРИЈАРХА КАРЛОВАЧКОГ ПРОКОПИЈА ИВАЧКОВИЋА
- After Patriarch Samuilo Masirevic had died in January of 1870, there were several attempts on several occasions to reelect new first bishop of The Metropolitanate of Karlovci. On church-national assemblies held in 1871 and 1872 the majority of Liberal Party representatives supported Arsenije Stojkovic, bishop from Buda. However, the government in Budapest disagreed with such election. Similar thing happened with bishop of Pakrac well known Nikanor Grujic. That is how bishop Stojkovic got reelected on church-national assembly which was held in June/July of 1874 in Sremski Karlovci. Still, the government refused to acknowledge the election will of its representatives forcing the election of Prokopije Ivackovic metropolitan of Romanian church. Soon this election was officially confirmed in accordance with the law of dual monarchy by the ruler himself thus marking the beginning of new metropolitan-patriarch rule over Metropolitanate which had lasted until 1879.
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- ПРЕЧАНСКА ПОЛИТИКА, КЊАЗ НИКОЛА И ХЕРЦЕГОВАЧКИ УСТАНАК 1882. ГОДИНЕ
- Austria-Hungary in 1882 faced organised opposition from the Serb and Muslim populations of Herzegovina. Dissatisfaction was provoked by regulations concerning military organisation, although the primary causes were agrarian and political issues. Montenegro had traditionally played an important role in events in Herzegovina, which for decades had looked to Cetinje regarding political and military actions. The presence of a strong Austria-Hungary compelled Knjaz Nikola to pursue conciliatory policies, though unofficial events often occurred in a different tenor. From across the Danube border, the Prečani Serb political elite – both liberal and conservative – followed the tradition of earlier uprisings and carefully watched every move by the Knjaz of Montenegro as one of the key players in national and Balkan politics. The result of Serbia and the Eastern Question sent waves through the Prečani Serb elite, particularly regarding the apparent Austro-Hungarian aim of annexing Bosnia and Herzegovina. Frequent articles on the topic were written by Svetozar Miletić, who symbolically terminated his political engagement when the Uprising failed.
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- ПРЕЧАНСКА ШТАМПА О ПРОГЛАШЕЊУ ЦРНЕ ГОРЕ ЗА КРАЉЕВИНУ
- Proclamation of the Kingdom of Montenegro was in the spotlight of Prečani press. The most influential newspapers Zastava, Srbobran and Branik wrote about the event for several weeks in each issue. The newspapers of Novi Sad radicals and Zagreb independents were leading in their criticism of the rule of King Nikola. They characterized him as an autocrat and a tyrant who suppressed political freedom and hindered the development of Montenegro. From a political point of view, they felt that such a move of the ruler of Montenegro was only an attempt to satisfy personal vanity, which caused a great damage to the Serbian idea. Unlike Zastava and Srbobran, the newspapers of Prečani Liberals, Branik, wrote about the rule of Nikola Petrović with reverence. There was glorified his role in the overall fight for the Serbian idea and emphasized s need for unity of the two Serbian Kingdoms.
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- ПРИЛИКЕ У ВЕНЕЦИЈИ ПРЕД ДРУГИ МОРЕЈСКИ РАТ
- Writings of Christian Cole describe occurrences relevant for the social history of Venice in this period. He did not oversee the crimes committed by members of the governmental structures. Names of courtesans listed in his correspondence reveal that Cole was familiar with this phenomenon of Venetian everyday life, which managed to subsist for centuries. Relatively good knowledge about the situation in the Patriciate was supplemented by Cole’s report on the introduction of state lottery in 1714, with Venice following the „Netherlands model“, trying to improve it. In this field, his reports represent the best source of non-Venetian provenance.Senate sessions, during which decisions of relevance for the state were reached, have a significant place in his letters, as well as the persons who visited St. Mark's city in this period. Years 1713-1714 were marked by negotiations in Utrecht and Rastatt, which created a new political map of Europe, defining the borders that would remain for several decades (until 1746). Austria's penetration in Italy is one of the most important outcomes, and that could not leave Venice aside. Opinions on current events echoed in reports that he sent to England, based on his own point of view.Christian Cole's Venice represents a city emerged in its own magnitude, with everyday life stuck in a rut. Although he wishes to write about relevant events, his letters reveal little knowledge of causes of many negative occurrences. Their greatest significance is for revealing the criminal deeds, mainly related to the most important celebrations in the city (especially the Carnival), but they also indicated English claims to the Venetian market in the period when this state was no longer a leading mercantile power.
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- ПРИЛИКЕ У ТЕМИШВАРУ КРАЈЕМ 1918. ГОДИНЕ И ЈЕДАН НЕПОЗНАТИ ДОКУМЕНТ ТЕМИШВАРСКИХ СРБА
- In the period of creation of the Yugoslav state (November December 1918), and also in the following months, Banat and Тimişoara were one of the central places in the politics of Serbia, later the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. About dynamic development of the events testify many sources, of which a significant number is wellknown in scientific circles. A large contribution to this was given by Bogumil Hrabak who published the record of Тimişoara National Council from November 1918. However, this unknown record from December 1918 testifies that many archival sources remain unknown to scientists who have studied the processes in the Banat region at the time of creation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. This fact opens up the possibility of new research and reinterpretation of the achieved results.
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- ПРИЛОГ ПРОУЧАВАЊУ ИСТОРИЈЕ МАТИЦЕ СРПСКЕ И ФИЛОЗОФСКОГ ФАКУЛТЕТА У НОВОМ САДУ
- As an institution with the longest tradition on the territory of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Matica Srpska was in the focus of interest of the party’s leadership in Vojvodina, that is, the Provincial Committee. Members of PC criticised the management of Matica because of their mass conception of work and national colouredness. They recommended to Matica to turn to a more scientific and cultural activity; there was a special evaluation of the work of the Science Department of Matica Srpska, which was reproached for national exclusiveness and for neglecting the history of the labour movement; the roots of those oversights in Matica’s work were above all found in the inseparability of Matica as a cultural institution and its publishing company; Matica was also blamed for the appearance of isolationism among the minorities in Vojvodina. It was also accused of national-Romantic views and thus having created a refuge for ideologists of Great Serbia, and other dissident groups from all over Yugoslavia. The Faculty of Philosophy was first mentioned in the meetings of the PC a year before its establishment. In the following fifteen years the work of this school of higher education in Novi Sad was carefully monitored by the supreme political organ of the communists of Vojvodina. Criticism was usually connected to the lack of Marxist approach in the study of social sciences, and this chronic problem was not solved until the end of the 1960s, despite the constant efforts to rejuvenate the teaching staff and their ideological upbringing. Apart from their ideological weaknesses, the teachers of the Faculty of Philosophy were criticised for other oversights, and sometimes the PC analysed the work of the entire departments (for Serbo-Croatian Language and Yugoslav Literature, History, Hungarian Language, English Language, German Language, etc.).
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- ПРИЛОГ ПРОУЧАВАЊУ СРЕДЊОВЕКОВНЕ ПРИВРЕДЕ У СРБИЈИ
- The problem of economic development during the Middle Ages in Serbia remains underexplored, particularly by archaeology. Nevertheless, even the relatively scant evidence collected to date affords a general indication of how economic life was organised during the Middle Ages in this region. Particular importance is found in historical studies which allow insight into the development of the economy and economic activity in Serbia during the Middle Ages.
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- ПРИЛОЗИ ПРОУЧАВАЊУ НЕЛЕИДСКЕ АНТРОПОНИМИЈЕ II – ХЕРОЈСКО ИМЕ ТРАСИМЕД КАО ЛИЧНО ИМЕ КОД ХЕЛЕНА
- This paper concerns the Greek heroic name Thrasymedes (Θρασυμήδης) and examines its distribution as a personal name in the ancient Greek world, from the Archaic to the Roman Imperial period. Possible reasons for choosing this heroic name for mortals have been discussed based on ample onomastic material drawn from various parts of the Greek world. Assigned to the category of heroic names, the name Thrasymedes was quite widely found in several areas of the ancient Greek world, mainly in the Classical and Hellenistic periods. It could sound to the Greeks as a good Panhellenic name, but its popularity can also be explained with possible Neleid associations. The hero Thrasymedes was a son of Nestor and accompanied his father to the Trojan War. He was also among the warriors inside the Wooden Horse in later tradition, and returned successfully to Pylos, where he welcomed Telemachos in the Odyssey. After the death of his father, Thrasymedes ruled the kingdom of Pylos, but his descendants, along with the other Neleids, were forced to leave the Peloponnese by the invading Dorians, and settled in Attica. Claiming descent from heroes of Greek myth had been a traditional way for Greek aristocrats to articulate their social superiority. Thus, for example, a grandson of Thrasymedes, Alkmaion, the son of Syllos, became the progenitor of the noble Athenian family of the Alkmaionidai.The name Thrasymedes as a good Neleid name could be acceptable to the Ionians especially, hence its popularity in Attica, Ionia, and some of the Aegean Islands. Although the name seems to reflect the aristocratic attitudes of the upper classes, its popularity in Athens of the Classical period (over twenty attestations), can be explained primarily with its basic meaning and expectations from the bearer of the name. Like other names derived from the adjective ϑρασύς (“audacious, courageous, bold, resolute”, but see an equally characteristic second component -μήδης) the heroic name Thrasymedes refers to the characteristics a successful warrior and statesman should have. The names of Θρασυ- type, in general, provide important contribution to our understanding of Greek naming practices. These names well correspond to the restless spirit of the Classical period Athenians that led Athens to create an empire, because they reflect those characteristics of the citizens which were much respected in the democracy – decisive and energetic actions and readiness to sacrifice private considerations for the sake of public good. Leaving aside Athens, there are frequent attestations of the name Thrasymedes on the islands of the Aegean Sea, especially on Rhodes, while they are rare in the Peloponnese and Western Greece. It is not a surprise that the heroic name Thrasymedes is mostly found in anthroponymy of the island of Rhodes, because it is exceptionally richly documented and the unified state of Rhodes, as a large economic and trading centre of the Hellenistic world, maintained intensive economic and political relations with many Greek cities in a wide area of the Mediterranean basin. The reasons for the popularity of the heroic name Thrasymedes and other Neleid names on the island of Rhodes might also be connected with finding “fictive kinship ties“ (συγγένεια) and friendship of the Rhodians with those Greeks who could have been considered, by standards of the Hellenistic period, Nestor’s descendents. From the fourth century B.C. those were, first of all, the Messenians. Nestor and his sons were so prominent in the Homeric epics and since the fifth or fourth century at the latest their kingdom was widely identified with Messenia and Pylos with Koryphasion. These supposed historical and pseudo–historical connections between the Rhodians and the Messenians could explain frequent attestations of the name Thrasymedes, as well as of the other Neleid names (Nestor, Antilochos, Peisistratos) as personal names on the island of Rhodes, especially in the Hellenistic period.
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- ПРИЛОЗИ ПРОУЧАВАЊУ НЕЛЕИДСКЕ АНТРОПОНИМИЈЕ III
- This paper concerns the Greek heroic name Peisistratos (Πεισίστρατος) and examines its distribution as a personal name in the ancient Greek world, from the Archaic to the Roman Imperial period. Possible reasons for choosing this heroic name for mortals have been discussed by analyzing available onomastic material from various parts of the Greek world. The geographical distribution of the name Peisistratos appears to be quite characteristic. Derived from the Greek peisi- and -stratos, the name by its meaning denotes the concept of the army and may appear as an appropriate name for a warrior. Nevertheless, the reasons for giving the heroic name Peisistratos to mortals should be sought primarily in the possible Neleid associations (Peisistratos was one of Nestor’s sons) and in the fact that it is a good Homeric name well confirmed in the Odyssey. As such, it was acceptable especially to the Ionians, and consequently popular in Attica, and we may also note the significant concentration of the name elsewhere in the Ionian world, notably in Ionia proper and in the Aegean islands. It may be noted that several of these cases refer to eminent citizens. However, since the name Peisistratos was borne by the hero prominent in the Homeric epics, it could also be acceptable as a personal name not only to the Athenians and Ionians, but also to the other Greeks as a Panhellenic personal name. Although the hero Peisistratos in Homer does not belong to the rank of the great heroes, the name could sound to the Greeks like a good heroic and warrior name and desirable, like the other names from the heroic repertoire, in the choice of names given to children. In this light, it was unsurprisingly preferred by the Rhodians, with the notable presence in other neighbouring Dorian cities (Kos, Knidos, Kalymnos), from where a significant number of attestations dates from the Classical period onwards, but primarily from the Hellenistic period.On the other hand, the paper discusses the reasons why the name Peisistratos as a personal name eventually became unwelcome in Athens itself. Since it was borne by the famous Athenian tyrant Peisistratos and members of his family, in Athenian democracy of 5th and 4th century BC, but also in later tradition, the name became unpopular and seen as tyrannical, and therefore could be considered a bad omen. It was not the case in other parts of the Greek world, and the name Peisistratos might have been given as a historical name, just after the famous Athenian Peisistratos.
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- ПРИМЕРИ МИГРАЦИЈА СРПСКОГ НАРОДА У УГАРСКЕ ПРОВИНЦИЈАЛНЕ ОБЛАСТИ 1699-1737.
- From the Treaty of Karlowitz to the Austro-Turkish War of 1737-1739 the migrations of Serbian people in the provincial districts of Hungary were far more modest in number than in the Migration of 1690. Based on the sources and literature we made efforts to include those particular examples and show that besides families, of which some left deep trace in Serbian history and culture (the Ruvarac family), the clergy settled here as well; and not only the clergy from Serbia, which was at one time under Austrian rule (1718-1739). Moreover, there was a great influx of merchants and craftsmen, whose settlement fortified Serbian ethnic territory in Hungary and contributed to final creation and establishment of Serbian middle class within the Monarchy. Another larger wave of migration of Serbian people in overall territory of Hungary followed the outbreak of a new Austro-Turkish war in 1737, during which Serbs were again forced to leave their homes led by patriarch Arsenije IV Šakabenta.
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- ПРИПРЕМЕ ЗА ОСНИВАЊЕ РУСИНСКОГ НАРОДНОГ ПРОСВЕТНОГ ДРУШТВА
- Until 1918, Ruthenians in the Southern Hungary did not have their cultural, educational and national organizations or institutions. An attempt to start with publishing of the calendar for 1913 in the native language of the Ruthenians in Bačka and Srem was a realistic way to develop their cultural-educational and national life, but only after the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the foundation of the Kingdom of SCS, which created favorable conditions to move in that direction. Preparations for the establishment of the first Ruthenian cultural-educational societies in this region revealed dilemmas about accepting the Ruthenian language, and problems of choice of the language taught at schools, which was related to the provision of textbooks for the Ruthenian schools. Partitions and a lack of willingness on the part of activities of the Ruthenian intelligence and objectively unfavorable postwar conditions were very strong obstacles to very agile Đura Bindas to start with the implementation of plans to initiate an educational, cultural and national revival of the Ruthenians. Finally, on 02 July 1919, the Constitutional Assembly established Ruthenian National Educational Society in Novi Sad in order to preserve the Ruthenian ethnicity, expand and develop cultural and educational life, and represent the interests of the Ruthenians in the country.