Vojnoistorijski glasnik

: Два светска рата и њихово наслеђе у савременој западној историографији; Summary/Abstract: This article aims to summarize the most significant schools and leading views (Conservative Realism, Liberal Revisionism, Rightist or Leftist Radicalism, Social Constructivism) in the contemporary European and American historiography as a common memory about the two world wars and their impact on 20th century international history. The leading issues that were subject of sharp disputes regarding both First and Second World Wars concerned the origins and causes, aims and strategies, national goals and coalition behavior, alternative outcomes and long term impacts over the postwar international system. The main distinctions among the military and civilian historiography, and among the political, social, and cultural historiography, are also clarified in this article. Beyond the historical approaches, attention was also paid to the political science, international relations, and security studies’ interpretations of the two world wars’ legacy. This paper also suggests a new comparative model of the main specifics of the three 20th century international systems in Europe, established in 1919, 1945, and 1991 in the modern and post-modern times.

: Дезертирања Албанаца из Југословенске армије након ослобођења Косова и Метохије (1944. и 1945); Summary/Abstract: After the liberation of Kosovo and Metohija from the invaders, the Yugoslav authorities had serious problems with a new front opened there, and these were rebel groups of ballists – supporters and members of Albanian nationalist organization Bali Kombtar. A large number of deserters from the Yugoslav brigades also joined these groups. Deserting was massive, organized and almost every day. The most common were cases of group desertion, as was the case with the Shiptar Youth Battalion. Betrayal was a form of desertion during battles when Albanian troops joined the other side. Desertion was a form of resistance to the People’s Liberation Army and Yugoslav authorities. The causes most often cited are bad relationship of leaders and soldiers towards the Albanian soldiers and their isolation. However, the Albanians were subjected to strong nationalist propaganda, turning them from joining the People’s Liberation Army of Yugoslavia and the Yugoslav brigades. They escaped due to hostile motives, for fear of liability for theft, murder, beatings, membership to Albanian nationalist organization - Bali Kombtar, the Albanian police in time of war, for political reasons, dissatisfaction, because of the struggle in their own area, for committed crimes. They mostly fled from the brigades to Turkey, Italy and Albania. The exact number of deserters is not known. Based on the research the approximate number would be 2,000 Albanian deserters from the Yugoslav brigades in the first years after the liberation of Kosovo and Metohija.

: Депеше југословенског војног изасланика из Будимпеште 1956-1957. године; Summary/Abstract: Пола столећа је минуло од догађаја у Мађарској који су снажно уздрмали тек створени Варшавски уговор, као и однос снага произашао из резултата Другог светског рата. У последњих десетак година објављена су документа из будимпештанских и московских архива која добрим делом потврђују оно што се одмах знало или наслућивало, али и показују нове чињенице. Док је старија литература углавном мемоарска, књижевна или исполитизована оптерећеностима које овакве форме пружају (премда ни строга научност није имуна од истих), дотле нови радови покушавају да сажму доступна знања. [...]

: Деятельность Югославской Политэмиграции в СССР в 1948-1952 гг.; Summary/Abstract: Documents in Russian and Serbian archives have permitted the reconstruction of the Soviet plan to create an alternative Communist Party of Yugoslavia in the USSR and Soviet bloc countries with the possible subsequent change of the ruling regimes during the years 1948-1952 in Yugoslavia. Yugoslav political emigres R. Gоlubović and P. Popivodа were given this task by the Soviet leadership. Particular attention was paid to the preparation of antiYugoslav propaganda in pamphlets and newspapers published in the languages of the Yugoslavian people in the Soviet bloc; as well as organizations broadcasting information to Yugoslavia. Efforts to Yugoslav political emigres to effect regime change in Belgrade failed, due to Tito’s success in unifying the Yugoslav Communist Party. From the plan’s offset, the Yugoslav leadership in Belgrade was abandoned after the death of Joseph Stalin. Creation of the Coordination Center of the Yugoslav political emigration in Moscow was one of the tools to combat the Soviet leadership with the "revisionist regime of TitoRanković," which according to the Resolution of Information Bureau (Informbureau) had to be replaced by Communists loyal to the ideas of internationalism and the USSR. However, it can be argued that Stalin's draft, despite the considerable efforts of the Kremlin, including financial aid, was not implemented. Yugoslav political emigres were not able to achieve the creation of an alternative party outside the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, and created artificially by functionaries of the Central Committee of the CPSU. The Coordination Center failed to turn into an effective union of likeminded people. Stalin's death and the beginning of the normalization in relations showed that the Kremlin's plans could be implemented only during the period of his despotic rule. Meanwhile, fears of the Yugoslav leadership regarding the possible interaction of Yugoslav political emigrants remaining in the Soviet Union and a number of Eastern European countries with Soviet political structures and intelligence agencies continued in the following decades.

: Дневник Ристе Трпковића (из српско-бугарског рата 1885); Summary/Abstract: У оквиру Збирке Архивске грађе Историјског музеја Србије чува се ратни дневник Ристе Трпковића из српско-бугарског рата 1885. године, заведен под инвентарним бројем АГ, 1641. У њему су описани време и догађаји од 25. септембра до 16. децембра 1885. године (по јулијанском календару), на потезу Тимочке дивизије према Кули и Видину. У саставу ове војске учествовали су Неготинци, Зајечарци, Ресавци, Јагодинци, Параћинци, Књажевчани... [...]

: Документ о реакцијама у ЈНА на посету Јосипа Броза Косову и Метохији од 25. до 28. марта 1967. године; Summary/Abstract: Када је Јосип Броз марта 1967. посетио Косово и Метохију, ова покрајина је баштинила вишедеценијске економске, политичке и националне проблеме. У економском погледу покрајина је била веома заостала. Улагања државе после рата су дала неке резултате. Учешће пољопривредног становништва је од 1947. до 1961. смањено са 83% на 64,1% (у Југославији са 70,4% на 49,4%). Са само 20%, колико је износило после рата, учешће индустрије у структури дохотка је до 1957. повећано на 31%. Ниво индустријске производње био је 1956. два пута већи него 1947, производња угља је у односу на пре рата била већа шест пута, електричне енергије три пута, цемента шест пута, рафинираног олова пет пута итд. [...]

: Др Тодор Павловић (1876–1915). Заборављени научник и официр; Summary/Abstract: Colonel Dr. Todor Pavlović was a scientist, the first Serbian citizen who defended his Ph.D. dissertation at the Paris Sorbonne University, Paris, and remained in active military service. His Ph.D. dissertation, published in Paris, was included on reading lists of all military educational institutions in France; it was republished in the United States and cited in more than one hundred other studies. Pavlović was the author of the first books on Serbian military discipline and military psychology, a professor and member of the Military Academy Council, contributor to several journals where he presented his arguments in favor of more humane relations, developing of skills for concrete and logical thinking, application of social sciences achievements, etc. He was the first Serbian recipient of the French Ordre National de la Légion d'honneur in recognition of his contributions to social sciences. He also distinguished himself during the Serbian Wars for liberation and unification from 1912 until his death in 1915. During the Balkan wars, he was recognized for his performance in the Kumanovo and Bregalnica battles and during the siege of Adrianople. He was one of its first awardees of the Golden Medal for Valor and Karađorđe Star with Swords (4th class). During the Great War, Pavlović served as a regimental commander in one of the most active and successful divisions. His 5th Regimental successfully reached the mountaintop during the Battle of Cer. In clashes over Mačkov kamen, Pavlović was severely wounded while charging at the head of his regiment. He requested to be appointed as the commander of the 3rd Regiment in the 2nd line Morava Division, even though he had not yet recovered from his wounds, where he distinguished himself during the offensive phase of the Battle of Kolubara battle. For his gallantry in action, he was one of twenty-six senior Serbian officers awarded with Order of the White Eagle (3rd class). Before and during the Kačanik operation in November 1915, he continued to command the 3rd Regiment. During the withdrawal across Albania, while his regiment acted as rearguard, he was killed in an attempt to extract his regiment from an Albanian ambush. For his outstanding and selfless service in 1915, in 1920 on the occasion of the operation’s fifth anniversary, he was posthumously awarded the Karađorđe Star with Swords (3rd class). On this occasion, Pavlović’s name was first on the list in the official proclamation.

: Државна безбедност о српским писцима националистима крајем шездесетих и почетком седамдесетих година XX века; Summary/Abstract: With the escalation of inter-ethnic tension in Yugoslavia in the late 1960s, a group of Serbian writers more and more frequently stoodup against the policy of the League of Communists, expressing disagreement with their official policy regardingthe national question. These were primarilythe writers who signed the "Proposal for Consideration" on 19 March1967: Antonije Isaković, Borislav Mihailović Mihiz, Matija Bećković, Brana Crnčević, Duško Radović, and Dobrica Ćosić, who did not sign the document. They thought that the League of Communists lost the battle regarding the national question, disagreed with the opinion of the League of Communists of Serbia that Serbia should not interfere with the national question ofother republics or with the position of Serbs outside Serbia. They also opposed the creation of the Montenegrin nation and constitutional changes which putSerbia at a disadvantage to other republics. Judgingtheir attitudes as nationalistic and chauvinistic, the State Security placed them into the category of internal “enemies,” thus making them subject to constant surveillance, tapping, and monitoring. The State Securityassociated them with Aleksandar Ranković and his supporters, especially during the student demonstrations of 1968 when they were even marked as organizers.

: Државни и верски празници у војсци Кнежевине и Краљевине Србије; Summary/Abstract: In the Serbian military, the state and the religious holidays were celebrated and rejoiced in a way as it was prescribed by laws and by-laws. A developed ceremonial of participation of the military units during the celebration of the holidays shows the significance which military had in the Serbian society. The information that as equal were considered military commands (commands of the troop regiments and county regiments), and county offices and county courts, confirms the good reputation and high rating of the military in the society. Serbian military went to public in all its glory and power – soldiers participated in the parades under the war equipment, and on the eve and during the holidays the gun salute was fired. In the days of National and religious holidays, they used to prepare special meals in the military. During the holidays, even in the war time, quality meals had to be provided. The holidays of the national minorities (other religion) in the Serbian military were celebrated according to the rules of the respective religion and in a way prescribed by military regulations. Celebration of the holidays in the military was important for raising morale. During the First World War both Serbian government and the Serbian military were in exile, and the ceremonial of celebrating state and religious holidays kept the feeling of national and religious affiliation. Apart from the ceremonial character, whose importance was moral above all, the celebration of the holidays was also used for political military purposes aiming at accomplishing the idea of creating a common Yugoslav state.

: Друштвени и материјални статус официра војске Краљевине СХС (Пример Треће армијске области 1919. и 1920. године); Summary/Abstract: In the victorious year 1918, with creation of a new state, the Kingdom of Serbians, Croats and Slovenians, Serbian officers joined their new armed forces. However, Macedonia, Kosovo, Metohia, Sanjak and southern Serbia couldn’t enjoy the fruits of peace. Situation was characterized by general poorness, irregular provision, damaged roads and railroads, low cultural, educational and hygiene level of the local population. During 1919 and 1920, commands and units of the renewed Third army region operated with great difficulties. Particular problem represented the admittance of former Austro-Hungarian and Montenegrin officers and NCOs. Everyday life was followed and protracted by great physical and mental strains. Lack of decent housing, insufficient wages and irregular provision were just few examples. The Kingdom of Yugoslavia during its short existence did not achieve political and economic stability. This affected material status of the members of the Yugoslav Armed Forces which was particularly visible in South Serbia where, beside backwardness and Osmanic heritage, constant political instability also brought the physical insecurity of officers, NCOs and private soldiers. State tried, with shifty success, to protect its operatives and to stimulate their stay in the instable South.

: Етничко-регионална, персонално-просопографска и социјална структура нордијских најамника у комнинској Византији; Summary/Abstract: This study is based on Byzantine, Nordic and Latin sources of 11th and 12th century. The study deals with basic structural questions of Nordic mercenaries who served in Byzantine army during reign of Comnenian Dynasty. First part of study is reconstruction of the presence level of respective Scandinavian ethnic and regional groups in Comnenian army. Second part of study is reconstruction of career and life of several individual mercenaries, known by name in sources. Third part of study is attempt to identify Nordic social classes which took mercenary service in Comnenian Byzantium. Anglosaxon mercenaries are also considered in this study, due to their important role in Nordic mercenary regiment in this period.

: ЗАРАЗНЕ БОЛЕСТИ У ОКУПИРАНОЈ СРБИЈИ 1941–1944.; Summary/Abstract: The onset and spread of infectious diseases in occupied Serbia in World War II, as in every war, was a consequence of deteriorating social, economic, and hygienic conditions. The war brought destruction and devastation, shortages of basic consumer goods (food, clothing, medicines, hygiene products ...), mass movements of people (refugees, military units...), but also a worsening of the country's poor pre-war hygiene conditions, triggering a sudden multiplication of factors capable of causing serious epidemics of certain infectious diseases, primarily those characteristic of wartime, such as exanthematic typhus, typhoid fever, paratyphoid, diphtheria, dysentery, hepatitis, and others. During the war and the occupation, most infectious diseases, mainly intestinal (typhus and paratyphoid, dysentery, diphtheria), appeared in the form of minor epidemics and affected various parts of the occupied territory. Their appearance was a direct result of poor hygiene, poverty, lack of toilets, and widespread ignorance. Available information, although not complete, shows that 1942 had the largest number of these epidemics of smaller proportions. At the same time, two major epidemics broke out that year - typhus and malaria. The typhus epidemic, infecting around 5,000 people, occurred mainly in the western part of Serbia. The infection was brought by refugees from Bosnia, as an endemic area of --typhus. By applying a series of epidemiological measures specific for the infection using experience gained in World War I, the disease was suppressed by the end of the war. However, it was not completely eradicated due to the large number of lice-ridden population. On the other hand, a bigger malaria epidemic, with almost 12,000 reported cases, affected the well-known malaria hotspots such as Posavina, Mačva, and the areas around Negotin and Leskovac. The application of antimalarial measures as well as favorable weather conditions reduced this epidemic by almost one half by the end of 1943. In any case, infectious diseases in occupied Serbia during World War II had a far lower morbidity and mortality than during World War I. This comes as no surprise because vaccines were introduced for some of these diseases and knowledge about them increased significantly in the interwar period. Also, health services were very well organized during the occupation and one could even say that they were able to control every epidemic relatively quickly by applying the necessary hygienic and anti-epidemic measures (isolation, immunization, etc.).

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